激励对往复式骨架油封密封性能的影响

为改善往复式骨架油封的泄漏问题,建立油封唇口密封区流体润滑的数值计算模型,模型考虑密封面粗糙形貌以及油封唇口的径向变形,通过求解雷诺方程分析密封区的流体力学特性,获得密封区的油膜厚度和压力分布,并分析激振频率和振幅对密封性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着激振频率的增加,内外行程中密封区的最小膜厚呈先增加后减小的变化趋势,激振频率越大,往复式骨架油封的密封性越差;内外行程中密封区的的最小膜厚随激振振幅的增加呈非线性增加,激振振幅越大,往复式骨架油封的密封性越好。综合考虑,为提高密封效果,往复式骨架油封适用于小频高幅的工作场合。     

A highly active composite electrocatalyst Ni–Fe–P–Nb2O5/NF for overall water splitting

This work demonstrates a facile Nb₂O₅-decorated electrocatalyst to prepare cost-effective Ni–Fe–P–Nb₂O₅/NF and compared HER & OER performance in alkaline media. The prepared electrocatalyst presented an outstanding electrocatalytic performance towards hydrogen evolution reaction, which required a quite low overpotential of 39.05 mV at the current density of ?10 mA cm^?2 in 1 M KOH electrolyte. Moreover, the Ni–Fe–P–Nb₂O₅/NF catalyst also has excellent oxygen evolution efficiency, which needs only 322 mV to reach the current density of 50 mA cm^?2. Furthermore, its electrocatalytic performance towards overall water splitting worked as both cathode and anode achieved a quite low potential of 1.56 V (10 mA cm^?2).     

Recent advances in electrochemical biosensing schemes using graphene and graphene-based nanocomposites

The last decade has witnessed tremendous advances in the use of graphene and graphene-based nanocomposites for the fabrication of electrochemical (EC) sensors and biosensors with improved analytical performance. With unique and highly desirable morphology, chemical/thermal stability and EC properties, the graphene-based materials are paving way to the implementation of mediatorless EC detection schemes with direct electron transfer. This approach enables the development of highly performed biosensors with respect to detection sensitivity, precision, specificity, and stability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the field apart from providing intensive information of the fabrication, properties, characterization and EC applications of graphene and its nanocomposites. Two key challenges, the lack of international regulatory guidelines for nanotoxicity analysis and potential mass production of analytical devices, will also be discussed along with the trends in nanobiotechnology and the requirements in healthcare and industrial applications.     

A new method of predicting the saturation pressure of oil reservoir and its application

Saturation pressure is a vital parameter of oil reservoir which can reflect the oilfield characteristics and determine the oilfield development process, and it is determined by experiments in the laboratory in general. However, there was only one well with saturation pressure test in this target reservoir, and it is necessary to determine whether this parameter is right or not.In this work, we present a new method for quickly determining saturation pressure using machine learning algorithms, including random forest regressor (RF), support vector machine (SVM), decision trees (DT), and artificial neural network (ANN or NN). Using these approaches, saturation pressure was obtained by using the initial solution gas-oil ratio (GOR), temperature, API gravity and other reservoir-fluid data available in the oilfields. Compared with the empirical formula for saturation pressure calculation, the calculated result shows that the accuracy given from machine learning is higher than that from other formulas at home and abroad, and has a good match with the lab test. On the basis of the calculated saturation pressure, it can determine whether the reservoir enters into the stage of dissolved gas drive or not, which also provides the basis for maintaining the reservoir pressure by water injection in advance, rational development decision-making and work over measures.This approach above can provide technical guidance for predicting the saturation pressure in the development of different kinds of reservoirs, including the sandstone reservoirs and carbonate reservoirs.     

溶解氧变化对阴极极化下10Ni5CrMo钢氢脆敏感性的影响

摘要：为研究溶解氧质量浓度对10Ni5CrMo钢在阴极极化条件下氢脆敏感性影响规律，对10Ni5CrMo钢进行了阴极极化下的电化学交流阻抗谱测试﹑并采用慢应变速率拉伸实验和断口分析方法研究了海水中溶解氧质量浓度变化和不同阴极极化下10Ni5CrMo钢的氢脆敏感性。结果表明：溶解氧质量浓度变化对10Ni5CrMo钢强度几乎没有影响；同一溶解氧质量浓度下，随极化电位负移，断裂时间、伸长率、断面收缩率明显降低，氢脆系数增加，氢脆敏感性显著提高，极化电位达到-1000mV时，氢脆系数已超过安全区允许的最高值25%，进入危险区；同一极化电位下，随着海水中溶解氧质量浓度减少，材料塑性变差，断裂时间、伸长率和断面收缩率不断降低，氢脆系数增加，氢脆敏感性提高。     

基于新健康指标的锂离子电池容量估计研究

最大可释放容量和内阻常用于锂离子电池的健康状态估计,由于操作条件复杂,在线应用的容量通常难以估计。此外,测量内阻成本高,无法在线测量。通过对NASA PCoE的数据进行分析,提出了一种新的健康指标(HI)用于锂离子电池容量估计。通过对原始健康指标的提取,利用Box-Cox变换对提取的HI序列进行优化,提高健康指标与容量的相关性。实验结果表明,新建立的健康指标对锂离子电池容量估计具有较高的精确度,为锂离子电池健康状态估计提供了理论基础。     

基于粒子滤波的运动机器人目标定位

机器人完成各种应用的前提是准确获知自身及运动目标的相对位置,由于机器人在运动控制的过程中自身携带的传感器获取的位置和角度信息存在误差,会导致移动机器人在目标定位过程中出现误差。为提高定位的准确性,提出了基于相对定位的方法,建立目标运动的相对运动模型,并基于观测距离和角度的测量方程运用粒子滤波方法对运动目标进行定位,实验与仿真结果表明,在不同强度的非高斯噪声影响下,粒子滤波算法都能够有效的对其进行定位,且具良好的精度。     

轮胎骨架材料带束层的有限元分析

使用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,考虑了轮胎材料的非线性、接触非线性及轮胎结构非线性等因素,建立了195/65R15半钢子午线轮胎三维有限元分析模型。探讨充气工况和静负载工况下轮胎及轮胎骨架材料带束层受力变形的情况,并对带束层不同部位帘线的受力及胎肩部位变形情况进行了分析。结果表明,带束层帘线径向受力分布与轮胎接地区域应力分布相似,按照中心轴线对称分布,最大值出现在胎肩位置,约为142N;通过带束层帘线在胎肩部位变形分析可知,帘线在胎肩部位最大周向变形量约为16mm。     

熔体静电纺丝的工艺条件对纺丝纤维直径的影响

主要研究纺丝温度、纺丝电压、接收距离等参数对聚丙烯(PP)熔体静电纺丝纤维直径的影响。采用了只变一个参数,其它参数固定的常规实验方法。在实验条件范围内,随着纺丝温度的升高,纤维的平均直径逐渐减小,得到PP的最佳纺丝温度240℃。在固定电压的情况下,得到最佳接收距离7cm。在固定接收距离的情况下,随着电压的增加,电场中的喷射流熔体受到的电场力逐渐增大,得出最佳纺丝电压35kV。